Empire State Manufacturing Survey: General business activity: Future (increase vs decrease; diffusion index; percentage points; seasonally adjusted) - United States - NY FED - Monthly
This series is part of the dataset: Empire State Manufacturing Survey (NY FED)
Download Full Dataset (.xlsx)Latest updates. According to recent survey data about manufacturing firms in the State of New York, the seasonally adjusted diffusion index for general business activity (share of CEOs seeing a future increase minus share forecasting a decrease) was 14.8 in September 2025, compared to 16.0 in August 2025.
Sample. In the montly series displayed in the chart, there are 291 data points in total. The period covered by the series stretches from July 2001 to September 2025.
History. Have a look at a few descriptive statistics computed on the whole sample: the diffusion index had a mean value of 34.7; it recorded a maximum of 69.5 in April 2002; it reached its minimum of -11.9 in September 2001.
Latest values
| Date | Value - Percentage points |
|---|---|
| 2025-07-31 | 24.1 |
| 2025-08-31 | 16.0 |
| 2025-09-30 | 14.8 |
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Series Metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Description | Diffusion index for the question: Will general business activity increase or decrease over the next six months? |
| Country | United States |
| Economic concept | Business survey response |
| Data type | Leading indicator of the business cycle |
| Deflation method | Not applicable |
| Seasonally adjusted | Yes |
| Rescaling | None |
| Frequency | Montly |
| Unit | Percentage points |
| Source | Federal Reserve Bank of New York |
| Source type | Central bank |
| Data licence | Free use subject to conditions |
| Measure type | Diffusion index (share of respondents reporting an increase minus share reporting a decrease) |
Series in the same data set
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